SPAŢII INTERMEDIARE / SPACES IN BETWEEN
SPAŢII INTERMEDIARE / SPACES IN BETWEEN
Contributor(s): Erika-Mária Tódor (Editor), Enikő Pál (Editor), Zsuzsanna Dégi (Editor), Vilma-Irén Mihály (Editor)
Subject(s): Language studies, Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Philology, Translation Studies, Theory of Literature
Published by: Scientia Kiadó
Keywords: intermediation; imaginary; real; betweenness;
Summary/Abstract: This bilingual volume includes literary, linguistic, and translation studies revealing the different forms of intermediation, the various aspects and expressions of being between two or more spaces, realities, be it real or imaginary. The present volume contains selected and peer-reviewed papers and presentations held at the conference with the same title, organized by the Department of Human Sciences, Faculty of Economics, Socio-Human Science and Engineering in Miercurea Ciuc in collaboration with the Intercultural Confluences Research Centre.
Series: Műhely
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-606-975-031-5
- Page Count: 248
- Publication Year: 2020
- Language: English, Romanian
PROVERBE DINCOLO DE GRANIŢE: CULEGEREA LUI IULIU ZANNE ÎN LIMBA ITALIANĂ
PROVERBE DINCOLO DE GRANIŢE: CULEGEREA LUI IULIU ZANNE ÎN LIMBA ITALIANĂ
(PROVERBS BEYOND BORDERS: THE COLLECTION OF IULIU ZANNE TRANSLATED INTO ITALIAN)
- Author(s):Alessandro Zuliani
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:13-31
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:proverbs; Iuliu Zanne; paremiology; traductology; idioms;
- Summary/Abstract:The article aims to analyse the importance and origin of the collection Proverbele Românilor din România, Basarabia, Bucovina, Ungaria, Istria şi Macedonia [The Proverbs of Romanians from Romania, Basarabia, Bucovina, Hungary, Istria, and Macedonia] by Iuliu A. Zanne, a monument of Romanian paremiology, and to formulate theoretical considerations about the translation of paroemias. Following the model of previously published works, a series of proverbs from this collection are translated into Italian and commented.
ÎMPRUMUTURILE LEXICALE CA SPAŢII INTERMEDIARE DE CONTACTE INTERLINGVISTICE. NOTE ASUPRA PROBLEMEI ADAPTĂRII FONETICE
ÎMPRUMUTURILE LEXICALE CA SPAŢII INTERMEDIARE DE CONTACTE INTERLINGVISTICE. NOTE ASUPRA PROBLEMEI ADAPTĂRII FONETICE
(LOANWORDS AS INTERMEDIATE SPACES OF INTERLINGUISTIC CONTACTS. NOTES ON PHONETIC ADAPTATION)
- Author(s):Enikő Pál
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:33-44
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:language contact, loanword; phonetic adaptation;
- Summary/Abstract:Language contact theory has prompted the attention of scientists from different domains as contacts between languages are an extremely complex historical and socio-cultural reality. Studying the various consequences of contacts between different ethnic and linguistic communities has led to the rise of several interdisciplinary approaches in which phenomena like bilingualism or the manifestations of linguistic interference, such as loanwords and/or loan translations, represent and generate in-between spaces of two (or more) coexistent linguistic systems and of transition from one linguistic reality (or “being”) to another. This study aims at reviewing some issues raised by the (morpho-)phonological adaptation of loanwords, with special regard to the Romanian words of Hungarian origin. The phonetic changes involved in the adaptation of a loanword – extracted from the phonetic setting of the source language and introduced into that of the target language – engage the whole system of borrowing language, which does not only operate on the new element, but, as a result thereof, it also reorganizes the already existent ones. Thus, the phonetic adaptation of a loanword is essentially a process of adjusting and readjusting the constituent linguistic units. Although the adaptive mechanisms seek to eliminate the unique phonetic features of the source language in order to maintain the distinctive features of the target language, the process does not always erase all traces of the “foreign” system, and in between the etymon and the later adapted linguistic form sometimes there emerge some intermediate tokens, synchronous and/or diachronic variants.
LIMBA ROMÂNĂ FOLOSITĂ ÎN SCRIS DE CĂTRE ELEVI MAGHIARI
LIMBA ROMÂNĂ FOLOSITĂ ÎN SCRIS DE CĂTRE ELEVI MAGHIARI
(ROMANIAN LANGUAGE USED IN WRITING BY HUNGARIAN PUPILS)
- Author(s):Emilia Kelemen
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Foreign languages learning
- Page Range:45-54
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:interlanguage; fossilization; interference;
- Summary/Abstract:Starting from the concept and theory of interlanguage proposed by Selinker (1972), this paper presents the use of the Romanian language by native Hungarian speakers living in intermediary spaces and spaces of transition between the two languages. Focusing on the production of written texts through the observation of papers written in Romanian by Hungarian high school students, this study highlights the specifics of interlanguage by emphasizing the most common irregularities/deviations from the Romanian language norms. Many of the identified tendencies are due to the phenomenon of interference, partly because a certain phenomenon does not exist in Hungarian and partly because some phenomena emerge in a different way in Hungarian, and students use the schemes of their native language. This present study is a preliminary one, as I intend to extend it, following the same subjects over several years to create an image about the trajectory of the fossilized forms. I believe that this study, even in this phase, provides useful information about the learning of a second language and thus can be helpful for teachers of the Romanian language.
DE LA UZUL LINGVISTIC SPRE NORMA LITERARĂ
DE LA UZUL LINGVISTIC SPRE NORMA LITERARĂ
(FROM LINGUISTIC USE TO LITERARY NORM)
- Author(s):Violeta-Cristina Grefelian
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:55-74
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:norm; language; linguistic usage; speech; rules;
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this article is to underline aspects which deal with linguistic usage and literary norm, namely the language itself, trying to convey an overall view on language (evolution). So, the effort to define the concept of “language” and “speech” or “language norms” represents only a few fundamental aspects which we particularly analysed in-depth in order to reveal data regarding the roots which represent the basis of our language structure. Therefore, for this purpose, we took into account Humboldt’s statement on written and spoken language but also Coseriu’s, Ferrer’s, Philippide’s, and Al. Gafton’s theories on norm.Regardless of whether we speak about the vivid display of an individual, social activity, or real behaviour, language is normed. What we want to say is that, most of the time, the individual is limited in the way he expresses himself as he is subjected to a well-bounded system of rules, simply called: norm. According to Coseriu’s conception, there are two types of norm: linguistic norm (shows how it is said) and literary norm (shows how it should be said). Furthermore, Al. Gafton points out that the main concern of norms is to avoid aleatory spoken immersion, discontinuity, and lack of coherence.A language is a historical being, meaning it has its own historical life: a beginning, an ongoing process, and an end.
GEORGE BACOVIA – INFLUENŢE ŞI AFINITĂŢI
GEORGE BACOVIA – INFLUENŢE ŞI AFINITĂŢI
(GEORGE BACOVIA – INFLUENCES AND AFFINITIES)
- Author(s):Andrada CHIŞAMERA
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Philology
- Page Range:75-85
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:influences; originality; analysis; poetic style;
- Summary/Abstract:In this article, I shall point out the way in which poets from a certain cultural area – and by this I mean Charles Baudelaire, Maurice Rollinat, Arthur Rimbaud, and Paul Verlaine – have managed to influence a poet belonging to a different culture, referring strictly to George Bacovia.Baudelaire and Bacovia share the neuroses caused by a certain season. Spleen: „Pluviôse, irrité contre la vie entière, / De son urne à grands flots verse un froid ténébreux / Aux pȃles habitants du voisin cimetière / Et la mortalité sur les fauborgs brumeaux.” Verlaine is another French poet who displays a wide array of Bacovian scenes, particularly in the pluvious pastel: Ariettes oubliées: „Il pleut dans mon coeur / Comme il pleut sur la ville; …. / C’est bien la pire peine / De ne savoir pourquoi / Sans amour et sans haine / Mon coeur a tant de peine!” Both authors tend to create an obsession with rain. Rollinat is another mirror reflection of Bacovia’s.I shall analyse the works of these poets in order to note the influence of French symbolism on Bacovian poetry but also to set the frontier elements that need to be identified in order not to suppress George Bacovia’s originality and individuality. Moreover, using the comparative method, I shall identify the common elements in these poets’ works but also what differentiates them and helps us outline their own poetic style.
UNIVERSUL ISTRATIAN – AUTOBIOGRAFIE SAU AUTOFICŢIUNE?
UNIVERSUL ISTRATIAN – AUTOBIOGRAFIE SAU AUTOFICŢIUNE?
(ISTRATI’S UNIVERSE – AUTOBIOGRAPHY OR AUTOFICTION?)
- Author(s):Eliza-Maria Biţă
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Philology
- Page Range:87-105
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Istrati; autobiography; autofiction; narratology; modernism;
- Summary/Abstract:Starting from the premise that Panait Istrati’s work has mistakenly been assessed according to the critical trends of Romanticism, we shall prove that this modern writer deserves an analysis from the viewpoint of the century-turn avant-garde criticism and of New Criticism, putting aside the author’s biography while reading and focusing instead on the message of the text. Therefore, based on the literary theory of French narratologists P. Lejeune, P. Gasparini, S. Doubrovsky, and L. Jenny on autobiography and autofiction, we shall introduce and examine two examples of erroneous presentation of Istrati’s work as an autobiography but also pro-autobiographical and pro-autofictional arguments, as the author of an autobiography is at least superficial and due to the writer’s marginalization in Romanian literature and that such classification demands to be nuanced on the grounds of the new critical tendencies that emerged in the 19th and the 20th centuries in Western-European and North-American literary theory, according to which Istrati’s work (universe) appears to be a series of autobiographical novels resulting from a pacte romanesque with autobiographical hints. To support the new definition, we shall present and examine several analyses by modern French, British, and American narratologists and by ancient Greek philosophers as to why and how literature is written and interpreted, along with adequate quotations from Panait Istrati’s fictional work and truly autobiographical writings of the author. Hence, we shall see that Istrati’s work is not an autobiography but an engaged writing, whose purpose is political in order to influence the masses.
„DUPĂ MOARTEA LUI MANASSE”. ADRIAN VEREA, IMAGINARUL ANTISEMIT ŞI O PIESĂ UITATĂ
„DUPĂ MOARTEA LUI MANASSE”. ADRIAN VEREA, IMAGINARUL ANTISEMIT ŞI O PIESĂ UITATĂ
(THE ANTI-SEMITIC IMAGERY AND A FORGOTTEN PLAY: “DUPĂ MOARTEA LUI MANASSE” [“AFTER MANASSE’S DEATH”], BY ADRIAN VEREA)
- Author(s):Dragoș Silviu Păduraru
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature
- Page Range:107-117
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:anti-Semitism; extremism; stereotypes; The Other;
- Summary/Abstract:Published in 1915 in Bucharest under the pen name I. Pârvu (Ciuin), the drama After the Death of Manasse – written by the Romanian-Jewish playwright Adrian Verea (Adolf Wechsler) – is a continuation of the – rather famous in its time – play Manasse by Ronetti-Roman. It is true that it had been 15 years since Manasse, but anti-Semitic speech was persisting in the Romanian public arena. It was once again criticized The Jew and accused of the many issues the Romanian society faced. The anti-Semitic activists were growing in number. In this landscape in which The Foreigner is, in the minds of the traditionalists, an enemy, Adrian Verea’s play is published, and it follows the mechanism of attack against The Other. It is of course targeted The (imaginary) Jew. The playwright resumes the characters of Ronetti-Roman and brings on the stage Tănase, a zealot of Romanianism. Violent anti-Semitic, Tănase remains a character without personality. He is just the exponent of extremist ideas. In other words, the playwright replaces The Jew devoted to his Law, the conservative Manasse, with an intolerant Romanian man, capable of dirty political games. To what extent are The Others – representatives of a minority culture – tolerated in a society dominated by prejudice? How do stereotypes about Jews work? Which are the resources of political demagoguery, which requires the “enemies” to be fought against just because they represent a different ethnicity? These are a series of issues that Verea’s play raises, in spite of its shortcomings, and that our review aims to highlight.
MUTAŢIILE INTERIOARE ALE GENERAŢIEI ’80 ÎN POSTCOMUNISM REFLECTATE ÎN PUBLICISTICA ANILOR ’90
MUTAŢIILE INTERIOARE ALE GENERAŢIEI ’80 ÎN POSTCOMUNISM REFLECTATE ÎN PUBLICISTICA ANILOR ’90
(THE INTERIOR MUTATIONS OF THE GENERATION OF THE 80S IN POST-COMMUNISM AS REFLECTED IN THE PRESS OF THE 90S)
- Author(s):Iulia STOICHIŢ
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Philology
- Page Range:119-132
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:the generation of the 80s; post-communism; literary phenomenon; the role of East European intellectuals; Romanian communism;
- Summary/Abstract:It has been extensively written and talked about the generation of the 80s of Romania as a well-formed group during the communist regime, when their members started gaining notoriety, but also in the post-communist period. The starting point of the present essay is that the generation of the 80s ends as a literary phenomenon in December 1989, after the fall of communism. Because of this, it is inadequate to evaluate these writers’ impact on the forming democracy depending on their post-communist group projects. Instead, they should be evaluated and analysed depending on their personal projects such as the founding of new publishing houses, new magazines, be them literary or cultural,associations, even institutions (like the case of what will be known as the Faculty of Letters of Braşov). Ideas and projects are not missing, but they do not take the form of grandiose projects anymore, as it happened in the communist period, turning the expectations that other intellectuals or the rest of the population had from these writers at least inadequate.
ÎNSUŞIRI ALE IDENTITĂŢII REGIONALE
ÎNSUŞIRI ALE IDENTITĂŢII REGIONALE
(PECULIARITIES OF REGIONAL IDENTITY)
- Author(s):Valentin Trifescu
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Sociology
- Page Range:133-147
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:regional identity; regionalism; recessivity; secondary; parergon;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper analyses the issue of regional identity from an interdisciplinary point of view as it exploits concepts of various research fields, among which there are philosophy, culturology, literary criticism, and art history. Thus, conveying a better understanding of the notion of “regional identity” and the phenomenon of regionalism, we shall reinterpret and adapt concepts such as recessivity, secondary, threshold, and parergon. During our analysis, we shall take into account the tight relations which link regional identity to national identity and regionalism to nationalism.
THE REPRESENTATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MINORITY IDENTITY IN PÉTER HUNČÍK’S NOVEL BORDERLINE CASE
THE REPRESENTATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MINORITY IDENTITY IN PÉTER HUNČÍK’S NOVEL BORDERLINE CASE
(THE REPRESENTATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MINORITY IDENTITY IN PÉTER HUNČÍK’S NOVEL BORDERLINE CASE)
- Author(s):Gabriella Mádi
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Identity of Collectives
- Page Range:151-164
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:minority Hungarian literature; identity; socio-linguistics;
- Summary/Abstract:In Central and Eastern Europe, there have been several intermediary regions in history where different ethnicities have been living together, many of them in minority. The question of national affiliation is of key importance for an ethnic group living in minority as it helps the members of the group define themselves against other ethnic groups and the majority nation. We shall look at how the writer’s environment, including the features of minority identity, can be traced in Hunčík’s novel.Péter Hunčík, born in Šahy (Hungarian: Ipolyság) is a Hungarian psychiatrist, ethnopsychologist, and writer, who currently lives in Žitný ostrov (Hungarian: Csallóköz). His first novel is Borderline Case, which was awarded the Sándor Bródy Prize. It takes place in a border settlement, which is not named in the work; however, it is obvious from the text that it could be placed somewhere near Šahy. Concerning the genre, the story is a family saga about three generations of a family, using anecdotal narrative combined with unique humour while depicting the beauty and challenges of minority existence in an entertaining way.The purpose of the study is to show how a Hungarian writer in Slovakia depicts the everyday life of the inhabitants of a multinational region in the light of the problematic interpretation of their ethnic identity.
“CHAMISSO WRITERS” OF HUNGARIAN ORIGIN. HYBRID IDENTITIES IN THE WORKS OF TERÉZIA MORA AND GYÖRGY DALOS
“CHAMISSO WRITERS” OF HUNGARIAN ORIGIN. HYBRID IDENTITIES IN THE WORKS OF TERÉZIA MORA AND GYÖRGY DALOS
(“CHAMISSO WRITERS” OF HUNGARIAN ORIGIN. HYBRID IDENTITIES IN THE WORKS OF TERÉZIA MORA AND GYÖRGY DALOS)
- Author(s):Roxana-Sînziana Rogobete
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Hungarian Literature
- Page Range:165-175
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Adelbert-von-Chamisso Prize; cultural shift; hybrid identity; migration;
- Summary/Abstract:The present study focuses on two writers of Hungarian origin who have been awarded the Adelbert-von-Chamisso Prize. Established in 1985, this literary prize honoured, until 2017, outstanding German-language authors from other cultural backgrounds, whose work was shaped by cultural shifts. The choice of authors therefore proves that linguistic and cultural dimensions in literature transcend borders. Writers such as György Dalos (awarded in 1995) and Terézia Mora (awarded in 2000 and 2010) are representative for the phenomenon of crossing and overlapping cultures, creating through their literature a space in-between. Identity formation – individual or collective – is a key aspect of their novels (Alle Tage from T. Mora, Die Beschneidung from G. Dalos), and our paper will argue which significant – spatial or, more important, mental – geographies are present in the two authors’ works. Refusing to be labelled under the peripheral or minority term, the novels show how universal the message of literature is.
LOST CAUSE LETTERS
LOST CAUSE LETTERS
(LOST CAUSE LETTERS)
- Author(s):Anca Peiu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):American Literature
- Page Range:177-200
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:letters; distance; hunger; parties; in-between;
- Summary/Abstract:Epistolary novel writing is a classic sort of metafiction. Letters are often (parts of) poems and plays, too. On the other hand, irony works as a means of self-defence within the (far from purely) literary text. In my essay, I will dwell upon two major modern American novels: William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom! (1936) and Margaret Mitchell’s Gone with the Wind (1936). Though first published during the same year and referring to the same fratricidal Civil War (1861–1865), the two books could hardly be more different from each other, not only stylistically but also in point of their target audiences. If Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom! represents a quintessence of his poetic prose, only addressing the most exclusive readership, Mitchell’s Gone with the Wind stands for (harsh) historical realism and the best of popular culture, consecrated by its eponymous period film version of 1939 – itself another traumatic year in world warfare history. And yet, despite all differences in approach and vision, these two books seem to find that privileged and paradoxical space in-between in their (even self-)subversive epistolary fragments. It is this in-betweenness that I am exploring here, from a double distance in time and space, i.e. from my early twenty-first century and from my Eastern European homeland.
SÁNDOR KARÁCSONY’S VIEWS ON LANGUAGE, LINGUISTIC EDUCATION AND THE HUNGARIAN SOUL
SÁNDOR KARÁCSONY’S VIEWS ON LANGUAGE, LINGUISTIC EDUCATION AND THE HUNGARIAN SOUL
(SÁNDOR KARÁCSONY’S VIEWS ON LANGUAGE, LINGUISTIC EDUCATION AND THE HUNGARIAN SOUL)
- Author(s):Judit Bognárné Kocsis
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Sociolinguistics, Cognitive linguistics
- Page Range:201-210
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:language; social psychological system; relationship; education;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this research is to examine the language in relation to social soul and to present its features based on Sándor Karácsony’s views about language and linguistic education. Sándor Karácsony, one of the most prominent figures in Hungarian pedagogy, makes unique statements in his writings about this topic as doctor of philosophy, pedagogy, and Hungarian linguistics. In his opinion, there is a connection between language and the mentality of people. He declares that one characteristic of Hungarian language is coordination, which should appear in the relationship with our fellow beings. We need dialogue skills and the appreciation of equality to this attitude. In his view, the aim of linguistic communication is the understanding of other people, the understanding of the communicated information and the expression of the attitude towards others. According to Karácsony (2010), Hungarian consciousness manifests in common language, tradition, habits, and arts, and not in common origin and race.
HUMOUR IN THE CLASSROOM
HUMOUR IN THE CLASSROOM
(HUMOUR IN THE CLASSROOM)
- Author(s):Gabriela Tutunea
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Psycholinguistics, Sociolinguistics, Stylistics
- Page Range:211-227
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:classroom; humou; teacher; student; laughter;
- Summary/Abstract:This study attempts to explore the ways in which humour is used in the classroom. The underlying assumption is that humour relies on ambiguity, representing an intermediate space between different meanings. The paper starts with a theoretical presentation of several theories of humour, such as the incongruity theory, the hostility theory, and the release theory, and includes a review of different types of humour – irony, satire, or sarcasm. The practical part consists of data recorded in the classroom, which are identified as humorous. This part aims to classify the humorous instances. The conclusions are that humour occurring in the classroom is mostly innocent and inclusive; however, teachers may use humour in order to indirectly criticize students, and students may resort to humour as an attempt to challenge teachers’ authority.
DESPRE AUTORI
DESPRE AUTORI
(ABOUT THE AUTHORS)
- Contributor(s):Erika-Mária Tódor (Editor)
- Language:English, Romanian
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies, Applied Linguistics, Studies of Literature, Translation Studies
- Page Range:245-246
- No. of Pages:2
