PROCEEDINGS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT
PROCEEDINGS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT
Contributor(s): Florian Cîrciumaru (Editor), Marius Titi Potîrniche (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Sociology, Environmental and Energy policy, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Security and defense, Military policy, Health and medicine and law, Economic development, Environmental interactions, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
ISSN: 2668-7828
Published by: Carol I National Defence University Publishing House
Keywords: COVID-19 IMPACT ON SECURITY; SECURITY TRANSFORMATION; MILITARY HISTORY. STRATEGIC CONCEPTS AND THEORIES; STRATEGIC DEFENCE REVIEW – NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES; AREAS OF STRATEGIC INTEREST
Summary/Abstract: INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE STRATEGIES XXI THE COMPLEX AND DYNAMIC NATURE OF THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT
Series: STRATEGII - Sesiunea de Comunicări Științifice
- Page Count: 382
- Publication Year: 2020
- Language: English
DISINFORMATION AND THE PROTECTION POLICIES OF THE EUROPEAN CITIZENS
DISINFORMATION AND THE PROTECTION POLICIES
OF THE EUROPEAN CITIZENS
(DISINFORMATION AND THE PROTECTION POLICIES
OF THE EUROPEAN CITIZENS)
- Author(s):Rita Palaghia
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Economy, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Sociology, Health and medicine and law, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:7-17
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:COVID-19 pandemic; disinformation; European Policies; the State of Emergency; human rights; personal data protection;
- Summary/Abstract:The rapid global technological evolution, the deficit of training and endowment in the information field, the existent disagreement in social and political systems, the resources, technical solutions and the different means, make the EU a dysfunctional body, for the time being. Nevertheless, the European Union has proven to be the World’s leader in adopting General Data Protection Regulation standards (GDPR). The next step of the EU Strategy is to structure public health policies, in conjunction with the protection of personal data. This generates differentiated types of actions for the State of Normality and the State of Emergency. The experience generated by the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need to accelerate the coordination of Common Security and Defence Policy and strategies at the European level. The lessons learned after the “STUXNET” crisis, now followed by the“COVID-19 Pandemic” should convince us that the current situation has other valences and that the chaos created by incompetence, lack of training, resources, clear and congruent plans and strategies can have dramatic effects on Humanity.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MILITARY POWER IN THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MILITARY POWER
IN THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION
(THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MILITARY POWER
IN THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION)
- Author(s):DIACONU FLORIN
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Sociology, Military policy, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:18-28
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:Indo-Pacific region; military power; military forces; world powers; great powers; regional powers; COVID-19 pandemic; resilience; risks;
- Summary/Abstract:A few decades ago, John Naisbitt was openly listing a new major trend, already visible at that very moment on the international arena: the complex realities in the Pacific Ocean area were already massively important, and their global relevance grew larger and larger. Nowadays, this megatrend is even more important, leading both various political actors (leaders, states, political parties) and various analysts to an obvious conclusion: the Indo-Pacific region is the new center of the global system. In such a situation, the study explores, with some relevant details, the way in which the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic impacted the armed forces (military power) of some of the most important states in the Indo-Pacific region (mainly the US, China, India and Russia, but also some regional great powers – Japan, South Korea, Australia, and other regionally significant powers – Vietnam, the Philippines, Pakistan, Indonesia, and Taiwan, among others).
FIGHTING POLYCEPHALIC THREATS – THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT IN TIMES OF PANDEMICS AND INFODEMICS
FIGHTING POLYCEPHALIC THREATS – THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT IN TIMES OF PANDEMICS AND INFODEMICS
(FIGHTING POLYCEPHALIC THREATS – THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT IN TIMES OF PANDEMICS AND INFODEMICS)
- Author(s):MARIN George-Sorin
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Environmental and Energy policy, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:29-38
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:crisis; pandemic; infodemic; communication; fake news; disinformation; misinformation;
- Summary/Abstract:The expression “the world is facing a crisis” almost became a cliché these days. During the global response to fight the COVID-19 crisis, a developing kind of threat gained new valences and the capacity to spread almost instantly, due to the characteristics of the information Age we live in. The over-abundance of information generated a new challenge for humanity and affected the process of finding reliable, trustworthy sources of information during the pandemic. Propaganda, false narratives and disinformation inhibit governmental processes aimed to overcome the crisis. Strategic decisions have to take into consideration multiple risks and factors in order to prevent both infections and intoxications. Therefore, the security environment has the complex mission to manage a sanitary crisis that endangers the health of populations all over the world in a new type of confrontation – a campaign against polychephalic threats.
THREE FAMILIES OF CRISES SUPERPOSED, INTERDEPENDENT AND MUTUAL INTERFERING IN THE CORONAVIRUS CRISIS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PERSPECTIVE
THREE FAMILIES OF CRISES SUPERPOSED, INTERDEPENDENT AND MUTUAL INTERFERING IN THE CORONAVIRUS CRISIS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PERSPECTIVE
(THREE FAMILIES OF CRISES SUPERPOSED, INTERDEPENDENT AND MUTUAL INTERFERING IN THE CORONAVIRUS CRISIS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PERSPECTIVE)
- Author(s):Iulian Chifu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Governance, Sociology, International relations/trade, Health and medicine and law, Geopolitics
- Page Range:39-47
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:pandemic; crises; interdependence; superposed; dormant crises; rampant crises; global governance;
- Summary/Abstract:The Coronavirus or Covid-19 pandemic has launched a health crisis with an important impact by accelerating three categories of crises: the dormant and rampant ones that were here long before this crises; the correlated crisis coming from the pandemic explosion and the ways to limit its impact; and the independent crisis, not directly related by Covid-19 but prompted and accelerated by the pandemic. As a result, this lead to a maximum complication for the decision makers since it created overnight premises for a completely different International Relations Perspective. The scenarios for the world of tomorrow and the possible arrangement for a global governance are the aims of our study.
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
ON NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
(THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
ON NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY)
- Author(s):Viorel Ordeanu, Lucia Ionescu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Media studies, Communication studies, Sociology, Security and defense, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:48-61
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:security; pandemic; COVID-19; health crisis; economic crisis; situational experiment; medical intelligence; fake new;
- Summary/Abstract:Transmissible infectious diseases are caused by living biological agents that can be transmitted in different ways from the source, causing outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics. The current epidemiological situation, the COVID-19 pandemic is serious due to its rapid transmissibility, strong complications, and the fact that it is an unknown disease. Given its characteristics, similar in parts to a biological agent used as a disabling weapon, in this paper, we will address the current COVID-19 pandemic as an ongoing “situational experiment” in order to simulate a targeted biological attack (on a strategically important locality) with infectious effects that extends nationally and internationally. This type of pandemic has destructive potential through the created health crisis, followed by the economic crisis, aggravated by the information crisis (infodemics) and finally the social crisis with unpredictable consequences
DIGITAL DISINFORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 AND THE IMPACT ON GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
DIGITAL DISINFORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
AND THE IMPACT ON GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(DIGITAL DISINFORMATION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
AND THE IMPACT ON GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH)
- Author(s):Dana Drugă (SÎRBU)
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Economy, Media studies, Communication studies, Sociology, Health and medicine and law, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:62-69
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:disinformation; fake-news; COVID-19; conspiracy theories;
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this article is to analyze, based on the scientific literature, the main effects on global health security of the spread of disinformation about COVID-19. At the same time, this article illustrates how digital disinformation poses the risk of canceling credible sources, which can lead to mass public confusion and an increased risk of spreading and transmitting the virus. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the current trends and insights into disinformation activities related to COVID-19/Coronavirus.
THE DIGITAL SCARS LEFT BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
THE DIGITAL SCARS LEFT BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
(THE DIGITAL SCARS LEFT BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC)
- Author(s):Ion Alexandru Manoliu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Education, Sociology, Security and defense, Health and medicine and law, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:70-81
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:cybersecurity; digital education; infrastructure; defense; health-emergency;
- Summary/Abstract:Correlating the economic prosperity of a nation with the quality of its cyber infrastructure is not a game of chance. Improving cybersecurity in society, the industrial system and public administration will become increasingly stringent. The lack of security professionals makes companies, organizations and social services more vulnerable. As the global health emergency from Covid-19 taught us, coordination from the top of the chain of command is important. Whether it is to minimize intrusions, data loss or the spread of malware, the collaboration of all state institutions and private sector is essential. Developing new capabilities and tools to improve the cyber security of the country system is a challenge of the utmost importance for the growth and well-being and security of all. Cyber security education in the conscious use of the network therefore will play a central role in both the defense and development of a country.
THE COMMON EUROPEAN SECURITY UNDER THE CORONA VIRUS PANDEMIC MASK
THE COMMON EUROPEAN SECURITY UNDER THE CORONA VIRUS PANDEMIC MASK
(THE COMMON EUROPEAN SECURITY UNDER THE CORONA VIRUS PANDEMIC MASK)
- Author(s):Bogdan-Cezar CHIOSEAUA
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Sociology, International relations/trade, Health and medicine and law, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:82-90
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Common security; European Union; strategy; interests; pandemic; cooperation;
- Summary/Abstract:A safer Europe in a better world” were the words that one could hear in December 2003 at the General Council of the European Union, when the “European Security Strategy" was adopted. It represented a historic moment in which clear targets were set for ensuring security, common threats were identified and principles were promoted in order to give the European Union the status of regional and global “anchor of stability”.Five years later, at the presentation of the first report regarding the strategy implementation, the heads of state and government reached a common conclusion, that the world is in a continuous, accelerated and varied change, and ensuring security in such environment becomes a challenge, a desideratum for which all member countries must contribute. Today, the world is neither better nor safer. An unexpected blow, the Coronavirus pandemic has been applied to the political, economic and military interests that are shaking the foundations of the “European Union Pantheon”, and its effects are felt in all countries, regardless of their level of development or contribution to the European Union budget.
POSSIBLE WAY OF COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS
POSSIBLE WAY OF COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS
(POSSIBLE WAY OF COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT MENTIN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS)
- Author(s):RÁCZKEVY-DEÁK Gabriella
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Communication studies, Sociology, Theory of Communication, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:91-103
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:patient; conflict; aggression; health care; communication; hospital security;
- Summary/Abstract:Nowadays, the frustration and fear caused by COVID-19 leads to aggressive manifestations in all areas. Perhaps even more common in healthcare institutions. However, often not only the fear of this virus, but inadequate communication from healthcare workers leads to aggressive actions. Patients respond in a variety of ways to a sudden change in health or functioning. While some of them are open and grateful for care, others may express strong emotions. Some emotions expressed by patients are more difficult for health care personal to deal with. Common difficult interactions include patient expressions of emotions such as anger, anxiety, and depression, as responses to crises. These emotions could cause violent actions in healthcare institutions. The paper presents communication methods and strategies used in health care and looks for answers such as why verbal and non-verbal communication mistakes can cause physical, and verbal aggression or conflict. It examines which communication method is more useful in dealing with conflict situations occurring in patient-doctor, nurse-patient interactions in health care. The article recommends types of communication. It highlights the importance of empathy since without it the conflict cannot be solved or it can only temporarily. The article also emphasizes that it would therefore be important to train staff in appropriate communication trainings as well as to practice these lessons in situational exercises.
VIEWS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CURRENT PANDEMIC CRISIS
VIEWS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CURRENT PANDEMIC CRISIS
(VIEWS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CURRENT PANDEMIC CRISIS)
- Author(s):TĂNASE Tiberiu, Ovidiu Boureanu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Sociology, International relations/trade, Security and defense, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:104-113
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:COVID-19; SARS virus; ONU; national security; international security;
- Summary/Abstract:In this paper we have focused on the major challenge of the 21st century, namely the COVID-19 viral pandemic. We aimed to analyze the vast problem from several angles using resources from media, international and local organizations, global reflection centers, think tanks and others. Our aim was to search on the subject and evidence the role played by the international organizations in the fight against the pandemic COVID-19. We also evaluate the situation and challenges in the field of public health that influences national security, affecting the citizens state of health, nations and national states. After a period of 100 years of free pandemic, our world is in uncharted teritories as the new virus COVID 19 become an omnipresent element of grave concern.
POTENTIAL NEW SOURCES OF POWER IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS. CASE STUDY: COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND HEALTH RESOURCES
POTENTIAL NEW SOURCES OF POWER IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS. CASE STUDY: COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND HEALTH RESOURCES
(POTENTIAL NEW SOURCES OF POWER IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS. CASE STUDY: COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND HEALTH RESOURCES)
- Author(s):Alexandra Sarcinschi
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Sociology, International relations/trade, Studies in violence and power, Health and medicine and law, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:114-123
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:state; power; hard power; health resources; competition for health resources and medical supplies; vaccine nationalism; vaccine diplomacy;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper argues that there is a potential new source of power, especially of hard power, that is specific to contemporary security environment characterized by the threat of COVID-19 pandemic. The starting premise is that the health system resources are a potential new source of hard power for a state actor to promote its foreign policy based on inducements or rewards. In terms of J. S. Nye Jr., health system resources might be used as a bribe or promise not for military or economic assistance (as specific to hard power), but for medical/humanitarian assistance. Therefore, the paper starts with a brief theoretical overview of the power concept and sources of power and continues with an analysis of the way in which a pandemic affects the international politics, especially the COVID-19 one.
COVID-19: PROPAGANDA AND THE FEAR-FACTOR IN THE INTERNATIONAL AGENDA – A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
COVID-19: PROPAGANDA AND THE FEAR-FACTOR
IN THE INTERNATIONAL AGENDA – A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
(COVID-19: PROPAGANDA AND THE FEAR-FACTOR
IN THE INTERNATIONAL AGENDA – A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE)
- Author(s):Urushadze Maia
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Sociology, International relations/trade, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:124-130
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Covid-19; new security paradigm; conspiracy theory; global affairs; fear-factor;
- Summary/Abstract:At the start of 2019, when humanity was not yet sharply facing the threat of COVID, the security paradigm showed a tendency to change. In particular, in recent years, as far back as the beginning of last year, the attention of security experts has been focused on qualitatively new challenges. It is natural that COVID-19 pandemic has already changed the safety requirements of the world. Societies have changed in each country, in particular human relations, culture, and rules. The domestic and foreign policies of the states, border regulations, and the specifics of transportation have also changed. Besides, the most important social factor can be considered that a new struggle of interpretations has been activated in the media agenda. The worldwide international media agenda observation reveals that there are a lot of conspiracy theories have been developed around the pandemic virus, which strengthens mainstream ideological narratives through the fear factor. They have appealed to the fears in two conflicting directions and developed relevant interpretations in societies globally, within states. In this power struggle of interpretations, it is seen that the pandemic has imposed new responsibilities on the ruling elites, but also gives visible advantages to all local authorities. In particular, it is in their hands that the powerful, fear-backed levers of management are accumulated, with the help of which it is possible to strengthen the power. In the article is given the case of author’s personal experience.
COVID-19 CRISIS – FRAGILE BALANCING BETWEEN CONTAINMENT MEASURES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
COVID-19 CRISIS – FRAGILE BALANCING BETWEEN
CONTAINMENT MEASURES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
(COVID-19 CRISIS – FRAGILE BALANCING BETWEEN
CONTAINMENT MEASURES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH)
- Author(s):Cristian Băhnăreanu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Economy, Sociology, Health and medicine and law, Economic development, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:131-140
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:COVID-19 pandemic; health crisis; containment measures; economic growth; balance;
- Summary/Abstract:In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic, the worst health crisis in the last 50 years, has disturbed the society and the economy through a series of negative effects to the people health and economic growth. Measures to prevent and combat the spread of the virus taken by most countries in the world in March-April have led, particularly in the second quarter of this year, to a generalized decline in economic activity. In this context, the paper analyzes whether the national authorities in the affected countries have managed to find a proper balance between measures to protect the health of citizens and those to ensure the smooth running of the economy.
STRATEGIC CULTURE AND SECURITY CULTURE – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS – THE RELEVANCE OF SECURITY CULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY
STRATEGIC CULTURE AND SECURITY CULTURE – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS – THE RELEVANCE OF SECURITY CULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY
(STRATEGIC CULTURE AND SECURITY CULTURE – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS – THE RELEVANCE OF SECURITY CULTURE IN THE 21ST CENTURY)
- Author(s):Antonia Teodora Mariș
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Sociology, Security and defense, Sociology of Culture, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Identity of Collectives
- Page Range:141-149
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:security culture; strategic culture; security threats; national security; raising awareness; public opinion;
- Summary/Abstract:The present material proposes, in its first chapter, a conceptual delimitation for the terms strategic culture and security culture, starting with security. Further on in the paper, we will make a comparative analysis between the two, at the same time dwelling on the shift from strategic culture to security culture and arguing the relevance of the latter, in the context of the current century, making specific remarks to Romania. The 21st century outlines new challenges in developing and consolidating security culture by introducing a myriad of factors that need to be taken into consideration. Spectacular changes in technological progress, the ubiquity of digital technologies, the digital revolution, the global digital order, the increasing importance of digital platforms, the speed with which information is transmitted, algorithmisation of personal life, the power to change and direct public opinion, cultivation and aggravation of disputes are only a few of the characteristics of the 21st century.
THE THREAT OF TERRORISM ACTING INSIDE EU BORDERS
THE THREAT OF TERRORISM ACTING INSIDE EU BORDERS
(THE THREAT OF TERRORISM ACTING INSIDE EU BORDERS)
- Author(s):POPESCU Lara-Teodora
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Security and defense, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:150-157
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:terrorism; Europe; international security; threat; European Union;
- Summary/Abstract:Until recently, terrorism was one of the most significant issues Europe had to face. Although terrorist acts do not represent an imminent threat to Europeans anymore, they are still a very important international problem that must be eradicated until it escalates again. This paper aims to present, through qualitative analysis, the measures and strategies taken at the European level to combat terrorism, as well as to explain why the eradication of terrorism should still be a priority for international security, despite the recognizable decrease of terrorist activity in Europe in the last few years. Towards the end of the paper, further possible actions for battling this critical threat are suggested, considering and examining the various forms that terrorism has taken over the years.
INFLUENCE OF CYBER THREATS ON THE AIR FORCE COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM
INFLUENCE OF CYBER THREATS ON THE AIR FORCE COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM
(INFLUENCE OF CYBER THREATS ON THE AIR FORCE COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM)
- Author(s):Vasile-Cristian Onesimiuc, Sorin Topor
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Security and defense, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:158-165
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Air Forces; cyber threat; risks; command and control;
- Summary/Abstract:Cyber threats are found in all domains, both civil, and military, but their effects are more important for the Air Forces. Cyber threats have dual functions, that is, as expected, they can have negative effects, but, surprisingly, Air Forces could use the negative effects of cyber threats for the support of its own missions. From the cyber security point of view, being aware of its own limitations as well as those of the adversary’s is never completed, but it represents one of the elements that can bring about the success for the Air Forces mission, whichever that may be: defending its own capabilities or attacking the enemy. The only certainty within this process is the increase in future influence over the Air Force actions.
ADJUSTMENT OF AIR POWER TO CHALLENGES RAISED BY CYBER OPERATIONS
ADJUSTMENT OF AIR POWER TO CHALLENGES RAISED
BY CYBER OPERATIONS
(ADJUSTMENT OF AIR POWER TO CHALLENGES RAISED
BY CYBER OPERATIONS)
- Author(s):Vasile-Cristian Onesimiuc, Sorin Topor
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Security and defense, Military policy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:166-172
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Air Power; mission; cyber operations; adaptation; risk; security environment;
- Summary/Abstract:Innovation and digital technologies have an even greater influence on the development and growth of the air power efficiency. Cyber operations are more and more visible and therefore presented as being part of normality. Upon state level, air force can no longer ignore this reality and has to take active measures to adapt to the new state of normality. Adaptation of the air power to the challenges raised by cyber operations is a lengthy process, which develops continuously and that shall cause additional consumption of means and resources that would usually have been allocated to other activities. However, provided the adaption of the air power to the new reality becomes impossible, then it will, unavoidably, lead to its transformation into a paper tiger.
CURRENT TRENDS IN MILITARY LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
CURRENT TRENDS IN MILITARY LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
(CURRENT TRENDS IN MILITARY LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT)
- Author(s):MITROI Cosmin-Florinel
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Sociology, Security and defense, Military policy, Management and complex organizations
- Page Range:173-178
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:logistics; armed forces; military logistic trends; development; transformation;
- Summary/Abstract:In the current security environment, the trend for national security logistics will be, in our opinion, a logistics focused on supporting the needs of the armed forces and will have the mission to provide the security system forces with the necessary civilian and military personnel, equipment, means of subsistence and essential support, at the requested destination, at the required time and in the requested quantity, during the operations designed to take place. The forces of the national military system will have to develop a logistics system in an integrated network of unitary action. The expected transformation will not take place immediately but will require essential changes, in stages, of the current logistics system, which will allow the forces of the national military system to train its personnel and modernize, but especially to be more rapidly deployable, highly maneuverable, sustainable and efficient.
THE SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES
THE SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES
(THE SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES)
- Author(s):CONSTANTINESCU Maria
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Criminal Law, Security and defense, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:179-188
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:cryptocurrencies; security implications; terrorism; organized crime; monetary policy;
- Summary/Abstract:Cryptocurrencies were initially regarded as a technological curiosity and a way to put into practice the principles of the libertarian ideology. A decade later from the emergence of the first cryptocurrency, they have slowly made their way in many aspects of the real world and have been widely embraced, for legitimate or illicit purposes. Consequently, cryptocurrencies now have a variety of security implications, at national and even global scale. These implications derive first of all from their use for illegal activities (from terrorism to money laundering and financing the activities of organized crime networks), but also from their legal use, through their influence on the financial sector, on a country’s monetary policy or through private initiatives such as the Libra project initiated by Facebook. The purpose of this paper is to analyse these security implications and the measures that states can take to mitigate their negative impact.
CYBER ACTIVITIES IN THE GREY ZONE: AN OVERVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN AND CHINESE APPROACHES
CYBER ACTIVITIES IN THE GREY ZONE: AN OVERVIEW
OF THE RUSSIAN AND CHINESE APPROACHES
(CYBER ACTIVITIES IN THE GREY ZONE: AN OVERVIEW
OF THE RUSSIAN AND CHINESE APPROACHES)
- Author(s):COLOM-PIELLA Guillem
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Security and defense, Military policy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:189-198
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:hybrid threat; grey zone; cyber warfare; information warfare; China; Russia;
- Summary/Abstract:Concepts such as “hybrid threat” or “grey zone” are used to define the wide range of “political warfare” actions that countries such as Russia, China, Iran or North Korea employ for projecting their influence, plausibly denying their responsibility and hampering any response by not crossing the threshold of an armed conflict. Those characteristics allow many actors to project their power asymmetrically by hindering the attribution of their actions, preventing the allocation of legal responsibilities, making retaliation more difficult and compromising the credibility of deterrence. Although many of these actions are carried out in the physical world, the virtual domain seems the natural realm for these activities. This is due to the ambiguity, anonymity, asymmetry, economy and ubiquity of cyberspace. This contribution focuses on the “grey zone” activities in the cyber and information domains conducted by two relevant powers – China and Russia – and discuss the problems and prospects related to those.
REORGANIZING THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT THROUGH ANTIFRAGILITY AND COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
REORGANIZING THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
THROUGH ANTIFRAGILITY AND COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
(REORGANIZING THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
THROUGH ANTIFRAGILITY AND COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE)
- Author(s):Adina Mihăescu, BULGARIU Elena-Iuliana
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Security and defense, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:199-209
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:antifragility; resilience; competitive intelligence; economic intelligence; economic security;
- Summary/Abstract:Throughout time, the political, cultural, economic revolutions, the innovations - the evolution in general - are based on the capacity shown by the societies, and by the system in their ensemble, to absorb the shocks and, even more than that, to evolve and to improve themselves as a result. If the resilience is referred to the ability to face and to resist the unfavorable situations that have risen, the antifragility requires, also, a fast accommodation which, inevitably, brings progress together with it. Anticipating the evolutions and the fast transformations which appeared within the markets, or the various industries, represents challenges that the companies’ managers find harder and harder to manage. Starting from certain given situations, formulating the (short, middle and long-term) strategies represents a major step on which the survival of the company itself depends.More than ever, the economic environment, which is continuously changing and globalizing, needs precise and updated information, their analysis and pertinent predictions, and this, mainly, the task carried out by the Competitive Intelligence field.This article aims at transposing the concept of antifragility within the economic environment, directly connected with the field of business information and to relate these systemic concepts, highlighting how they can bring additional value and help decreasing the risks and bringing to a sustainable economic progress.
DESIGNING CYBERSECURITY SOLUTION USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
DESIGNING CYBERSECURITY SOLUTION USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
(DESIGNING CYBERSECURITY SOLUTION USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY)
- Author(s):Adriana Meda Udroiu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Security and defense, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:210-2015
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:Blockchain technology; cybersecurity; confidentiality; bitcoin;
- Summary/Abstract:In this paper we aim to analyse the impact of Blockchain technology in the current context of cyber-security, especially in the area of smart cities and financial transactions. For this, we will first describe the current state of cyber-security and the problems it faces. Because blockchain technology only addresses part of the cyber-security matters, we will explain the response of this technology to each of the domain-specific issues. It is equally well-known that blockchain technology is the basis of many current applications (Bitcoin, Ethereum, Hyperledger Fabric). For smart cities, blockchain technology is used in designing cybersecurity for traffic control, financial transaction between organisation and authorities and so on.
ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH NEXUS AS ENABLER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH NEXUS AS ENABLER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
(ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH NEXUS AS ENABLER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY)
- Author(s):GHIȚĂ Luminița
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Sociology, Environmental and Energy policy, Health and medicine and law, Environmental interactions
- Page Range:216-224
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:environment security; pandemic; international negotiations; sustainable development goals (SDG); One Health; Environment and Health Process; United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA); Rio+20;
- Summary/Abstract:Based on the recent evolutions of international trends, environment and health issues are more than ever interlinked with security and sustainable development. The considerations of international community comprise many debates, initiatives and processes that are key drivers to bring together environment and health in the context of security and sustainable development. I present in the paper the regional process on Environment and Health under the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, the international negotiations on adopting a resolution on Environment and Health during the Third Session of the United Nations Environment Assembly, the main sensitivities and the interlinkages with sustainable development agenda and security.
THE EVALUATION AND DETECTION “A MAN IN THE MIDDLE” CYBERATTACK
THE EVALUATION AND DETECTION
“A MAN IN THE MIDDLE” CYBERATTACK
(THE EVALUATION AND DETECTION
“A MAN IN THE MIDDLE” CYBERATTACK)
- Author(s):Meda UDROIU, Mihail Dumitrache
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Sociology, Security and defense, Health and medicine and law, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:225-228
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:TLS; certificates; HTTPS; man-in-the-middle attack; interception;
- Summary/Abstract:Abstract – How common is a man-in-the-middle type of attack in the wild today and how can it be detected and prevented? What is the security impact of HTTPS interception given that more and more organizations and antivirus products intercept and inspect traffic? This paper aims to provide an answer to these questions by presenting results and conclusions of the study conducted to detect man-in-the-middle attacks on a number of popular internet websites.
THE INFLUENCE OF POPULISM IN UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF SECURITY
THE INFLUENCE OF POPULISM IN UNDERSTANDING
THE CONCEPT OF SECURITY
(THE INFLUENCE OF POPULISM IN UNDERSTANDING
THE CONCEPT OF SECURITY)
- Author(s):GAL Dorin Alin
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Governance, Government/Political systems, Security and defense
- Page Range:229-237
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:populism; security; volatility; anti elitism; anti pluralism;
- Summary/Abstract:With populism becoming one of the buzzwords that characterize international relations today, its ideas stand to influence the way leaders and actors worldwide now understand the meaning of security. Since this is a term with an exceptional ability to transcend traditional ideological lines, it has the potential to cause an impact regardless of the space where it is being used and, as a result, is able to have an impact through modern-day populist leaders regardless of their original affiliation. By stating a working definition of populism as we understand it right now and also of the traditional concept of security, we stand to analyze the way in which security issues and any subsequent decisions made are being influenced under this new context that we find ourselves in today.
THE POTENTIAL OF STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION IN THE PURSUIT OF NATIONAL SECURITY OBJECTIVES
THE POTENTIAL OF STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION
IN THE PURSUIT OF NATIONAL SECURITY OBJECTIVES
(THE POTENTIAL OF STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION
IN THE PURSUIT OF NATIONAL SECURITY OBJECTIVES)
- Author(s):Iulia-Alexandra Cojocaru
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Communication studies, Security and defense, Theory of Communication
- Page Range:238-249
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:strategic communication; vulnerabilities; countering hybrid threats; resilience;
- Summary/Abstract:Under the assumption that communication is the most convenient way to know and understand the world we live in, this paper focuses on the importance of effective strategic communication, in line with the national security objectives. The potential of the communication process in achieving the desired effects has long been exploited by organizations and businesses. Nowadays, the actors in the international arena use this potential to pursue their own interests, giving rise of new threats, which in terms of security are placed under the umbrella of hybrid threats (propaganda, disinformation, fake news etc.). It is, therefore, necessary to develop new ways of combating such threats, adapted to the contemporary security environment, and to the security trends brought by current phenomena that the world is facing - such as globalization or technological advances. In this respect, international organisations such as NATO or the EU – at the regional level –, and states – at the national level –, shall endeavour to develop a framework for effective use of strategic communication. Thus, the paper aims to present solid arguments regarding the potential of strategic communication in supporting a state’s instruments of power pursuing national security objectives, when it is conceived in an effective manner. The paper also emphasizes the benefits that an efficient strategic communication process can bring to a state’s society, compared to the negative effects that the lack of it brings to other ones.
CURRENTS OF THOUGHT REGARDING THE STUDY OF SECURITY
CURRENTS OF THOUGHT REGARDING THE STUDY OF SECURITY
(CURRENTS OF THOUGHT REGARDING THE STUDY OF SECURITY)
- Author(s):ANDRADA ILIE
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Education, Security and defense, Higher Education
- Page Range:250-256
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:security; security construction; positivism; Copenhagen School; postmodernism;
- Summary/Abstract:Over time, there have been several theories of knowledge that have generated individual definitions of security. This paper presents a brief overview of the main such views on security. The first theory mentioned is positivism which implies an objective approach, based on natural scientific methods in which concepts such as: balance of power, number of military forces and interaction between states are used. Beginning with constructivism, the paper focuses on postmodernism, as it is a concept built around the idea that the world is a product of social interactions. This theory has led to the idea of building security in the contemporary international political process, starting from "security" and "security threats". The paper recalls the Copenhagen School highlighted through the number and scope found for the term "security".
USEFUL TOOLS FOR MEASURING AND MONITORING CYBERSECURITY
USEFUL TOOLS FOR MEASURING AND MONITORING CYBERSECURITY
(USEFUL TOOLS FOR MEASURING AND MONITORING CYBERSECURITY)
- Author(s):MANTEA Paula-Diana
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Education, Sociology, Security and defense, Adult Education, Social Informatics, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:257-265
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:cybersecurity; indicator; monitoring; cyber-attack; cyber hygiene; education; awareness;
- Summary/Abstract:Cybersecurity is one of the new dimensions of security, the one responsible for ensuring a secure online space, a space which can be used safely in all areas of people’s lives - from finance to social media, education, economy, politics, information, debate and even military. Because over 50% of the population is connected in 2020 to the internet, both for work and personal purposes, as numerous transactions are being registered in the cyberspace every second, government and private sector alike need to work together to secure this space to develop early-warning systems and protect the IT infrastructure of any kind of attacks. There are tools for measuring and monitoring cyber-attacks, which need to be explored and constantly improved. But this is not enough as the use of these tools needs to be completed by the joint efforts in raising the users’ awareness in protecting against any attacks. Additionally, exploring and taking advantage of the benefits a digital economy and society can offer should be supported by investments in education and training while maintaining an updated and secure infrastructure.
PHYSIOGNOMY OF INTERNATIONAL MILITARY OPERATIONS IN THE CURRENT OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
PHYSIOGNOMY OF INTERNATIONAL MILITARY OPERATIONS IN THE CURRENT OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
(PHYSIOGNOMY OF INTERNATIONAL MILITARY OPERATIONS IN THE CURRENT OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT)
- Author(s):Cosmina-Andreea Neculcea
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Economy, Sociology, Security and defense, Military policy, Rural and urban sociology, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:267-274
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:operational environment; key global trends; military operations on urban terrain (MOUT); cyber operations; adaptability; new threats;
- Summary/Abstract:In an ever-changing world, national security systems must recurrently adapt their capabilities to meet the new challenges of the international security environment. The way of approaching conflict and the physiognomy of military actions can be configured only through a thorough understanding of the current operational environment. Studies on demographic trends suggest that most future armed conflicts will take place in urban areas, whereas urbanization and unrestricted access to the Internet make the world become increasingly interconnected and interdependent.
THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING IN THE SECURITY AND DEFENCE. WHAT IS MISSING IN THE ROMANIAN CSDP RELATED TRAINING?
THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING IN THE SECURITY AND DEFENCE. WHAT IS MISSING IN THE ROMANIAN CSDP RELATED TRAINING?
(THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING IN THE SECURITY AND DEFENCE. WHAT IS MISSING IN THE ROMANIAN CSDP RELATED TRAINING?)
- Author(s):SIMINA Ovidiu Laurian, Bogdan MARINESCU, Grigore SILAȘI
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Education, Government/Political systems, Security and defense, Adult Education, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:275-293
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:European Union; security and defence; crisis management; CFSP/CSDP; civilian capability development; training; Romania; Civilian Compact;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper discusses the importance of training for the success of Romania’s contribution to the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) of the European Union. At the time when the EU Member States are taking concrete measures to implement the European Compact for a Civilian CSDP (2018) and the second annual progress report is planned, Romania is still struggling with the inter-institutional negotiation of the would-to-be National Strategy for the Implementation of the Civilian CSDP Compact, not yet approved by the Government. However, training is not seen as a strong point in the future strategic document, probably because there is not real coordination in the field. Despite the increased interest in CSDP related training (the number of the Romanian members of the European Security and Defence College multiplied five times in just two years), the training institutes are not working in a coordinated way and most of their CSDP training seems mostly related to individual projects or targets and not following a national policy, nor national objectives related to the Civilian Compact implementation. The debate opened by this paper aims to increase the awareness at the national authorities’ level and to suggest the way ahead in liking training to the Romanian policy on CSDP.
DEFENSIVE SYSTEMS AND POLITICS. THE VAUBAN SYSTEM AND THE CASE OF THE ALBA-IULIA FORTRESS
DEFENSIVE SYSTEMS AND POLITICS. THE VAUBAN SYSTEM
AND THE CASE OF THE ALBA-IULIA FORTRESS
(DEFENSIVE SYSTEMS AND POLITICS. THE VAUBAN SYSTEM
AND THE CASE OF THE ALBA-IULIA FORTRESS)
- Author(s):Elena-Loredana FLORESCU
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, History, Architecture, Military history, Political history, Security and defense, Military policy
- Page Range:294-300
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:fortress; strategic points; military engineer; defence system; political statement;
- Summary/Abstract:The Italian fortress of Palmanova, built in 1593 and designed by Gulio Savorgnan represented a turning point in the studies of the military engineers of that time. The French engineer Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, through the fortress of Neuf-Brisach, created the “Vauban defence system”, reminiscing of the layout provided by the fortress of Palmanova, approximatively 100 years later. In this paper I intend to analyse the reason why, in 1711, the appointed architect Giovanni Morando Visconti used the Vauban defence system in designing the Alba fortress in the present-day Romania. Following the political and historical background that led to the building of these fortresses and the strategical points that they represent, I intend to identify the similarities between them and whether following an architecture that is based on the ideal city of Renaissance represents a political statement.
DEFINING CENTRES OF GRAVITY WITHIN THE STRATEGIC NUCLEAR BALANCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
DEFINING CENTRES OF GRAVITY WITHIN THE STRATEGIC NUCLEAR BALANCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
(DEFINING CENTRES OF GRAVITY WITHIN THE STRATEGIC NUCLEAR BALANCE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)
- Author(s):Mario MARINOV
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Environmental and Energy policy, International relations/trade, Security and defense, Military policy
- Page Range:301-311
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:centre of gravity; strategic nuclear balance; Russian Federation; United States of America;
- Summary/Abstract:The concept of “Centres of Gravity”, and its varied interpretations across history, has been a traditional staple when producing comparisons and analysis on competing military organisations and structures. The following paper aims to extend this specific approach to the less conventional state of affairs existing in the “strategic nuclear balance” between the United States of America and the Russian Federation, through the utilisation of traditional interpretations of the concepts involved, their implementation to the given case studies within the scientific method and the overarching interpretation of two competing organisations within the systemic approach. The paper thus identifies the contemporary centres of gravity within the two structures, the specific dynamic that derives from their present relationship and, consequently, the hallmarks of their nuclear strategy.
WOMEN IN THE MILITARY PROFESSION – A BOOK WITH WHITE PAGES?
WOMEN IN THE MILITARY PROFESSION – A BOOK WITH WHITE PAGES?
(WOMEN IN THE MILITARY PROFESSION – A BOOK WITH WHITE PAGES?)
- Author(s):Marina STĂNESCU
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Gender Studies, Sociology, Military policy
- Page Range:312-321
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Army; gender based roles; boundaries; stereotypes; military career and leadership;
- Summary/Abstract:Security is difficult to achieve and, while navigating the seas churned and high stakes situations, our military has to be more than just a sum of highly trained men and women, they have to be effective leaders with skills that exceed military sphere, able to act in an adequate and proportional manner. This article presents women’s participation, work and contribution to the Armed Forces development during the second half of the 20th century in Romania. Women and men in this period did not have the same political rights, did not share the same social roles, and could not access the same professional path. Despite facing challenging circumstances, women have assumed active roles and slowly became an integral part of the Armed Forces, showing extraordinary determination and skills. In this article, I will explore the main aspects concerning the social, legal, and political conditions affecting women’s life and profession.
CAPITALISM: WHERE TO?
CAPITALISM: WHERE TO?
(CAPITALISM: WHERE TO?)
- Author(s):Ionel STOICA
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Governance, Sociology, Government/Political systems, Social development, Economic development, Geopolitics
- Page Range:322-332
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:capitalism; free market; autocratic regim; global economy;
- Summary/Abstract:Mankind is at present at a crossroad, and this fact is valid from a political, economic and social viewpoint. Strong and opposed political and social forces, by the goals they seek, are engaged into a though competition, whose result will decide the way of life for several future generations. From the political point of view, the battle takes place between democracies, on the one hand, and the autocratic regimes, on the other hand. As for the economic and social aspects, the battle develops between the super-rich or the dominant class, and those who struggle to survive. Another facet of this last aspect is represented by the competition that is being carried out between the free market capitalism, combined with the liberal democracy, and the state capitalism, often associated with the illiberal or autocratic political regimes. This paper intends to present and explain the factors that underpin the success of the state capitalism, the way that free market capitalism and the state capitalism coexist at present, as well as the potential for conflict that can appear between the two models of capitalism, with its consequences for global stability. Understanding these aspects is important because the two models of capitalism support distinct models of development and security. We will be focusing more on the state capitalism because we consider that this represents an important force that will shape the global economy in a significant way during the following decades.
THE ROMANIAN DEFENCE INDUSTRY IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARMS SALE MARKET’S COMPETITION
THE ROMANIAN DEFENCE INDUSTRY IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARMS SALE MARKET’S COMPETITION
(THE ROMANIAN DEFENCE INDUSTRY IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARMS SALE MARKET’S COMPETITION)
- Author(s):Crăişor Constantin Ioniță
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Governance, Security and defense, Military policy, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:333-345
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Defence Industry; Forces of the National Defense System (FSNA); Pan-European companies; advanced technology; developed industrial and technological defense base (DTIB); unmanned systems;
- Summary/Abstract:There is a fierce competition in the international arms sale market regarding the export of very high-tech and sensitive defence material. For some developed countries, like Russia, Greece, Italy, France, Sweden, the manufacture and sale of armaments represent a substantial percentage of their GDP and a possibility to grow their income and wealth. At the same time, because of the different research and development levels of advanced technologies in the production of defence capabilities, like multi-purpose platforms, unmanned systems, robotics, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence/learning machines, there is a huge discrepancy between American defence industry and the European one. This is really true when you consider the dependence of European industrial companies from their American counterparts. This dependence has obliged some European defence companies to establish bilateral or multilateral collaboration agreements to survive in the field of armaments export.For the Romanian Defence Industry, the discrepancy is even higher than Western similar companies, considering its reliance on old technologies, lack of specialists and research institutes, and acquisition of majority of its military equipment from the US. There is little interest from both the Government and the MoND to invest in national defence companies to buy their military products, which have lower technology incorporated and low performance equipment.
REGIONAL SECURITY IN THE BLACK SEA – SOLUTIONS FOR THE FUTURE: THE SECURITY, STRATEGIES AND FORCES BALANCE
REGIONAL SECURITY IN THE BLACK SEA – SOLUTIONS FOR THE FUTURE: THE SECURITY, STRATEGIES AND FORCES BALANCE
(REGIONAL SECURITY IN THE BLACK SEA – SOLUTIONS FOR THE FUTURE: THE SECURITY, STRATEGIES AND FORCES BALANCE)
- Author(s):Mihai PANAIT, Ion Roceanu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Sociology, International relations/trade, Military policy, Globalization
- Page Range:346-360
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Regional security; strategies; international relations; globalization and isolationism;
- Summary/Abstract:The post-pandemic period of COVID-19, in addition to profoundly changing international relations (especially globalization), brought a new perspective on the relationship among the concepts of regionalization, regionalization of security, new strategies and doctrines (to support them in the conditions of changing the level of operation imposed by COVID-19) as well as the type of new military equipment that will be found in the multi-annual procurement plans. The nature of the threats acquires a new nuance with the appearance of this pandemic and soon puts in front of the politico-military decision-makers, new reference points that will bring to the level of these days the fundamental documents (strategies, planning directives, procurement programs) that will support budgetary planning for the coming decades, research and innovation (to develop new platforms, sensors, and weapons with a small number of combatants), and new aspects of diminishing international and regional cooperation in favor of unilateral action. From now on, the new dimensions of the defense budget will have to contain other elements adapted to the COVID-19 fight.
EURASIA – THE GEOPOLITICAL AND GEOSTRATEGIC BET OF THE 21st CENTURY
EURASIA – THE GEOPOLITICAL AND GEOSTRATEGIC BET
OF THE 21st CENTURY
(EURASIA – THE GEOPOLITICAL AND GEOSTRATEGIC BET
OF THE 21st CENTURY)
- Author(s):Silviu Neguț
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Recent History (1900 till today), International relations/trade, Security and defense, Geopolitics, Peace and Conflict Studies
- Page Range:361-376
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Eurasia; Eurasianism; geopolitical - geostrategic areas/ regions; game-players; superpowers; powder keg/cauldron; One Belt, One Road;
- Summary/Abstract:Eurasia, the super continental mass that holds the largest share in the world`s size, population and economic power, has become the main region of interest on the planet. Within it, several geopolitical - geostrategic areas/regions have been mainly configured with great relevance (each with its actors/players - including some from outside this area - and with its problems/interests), such as North-East Asia, Central Asia, South-East Asia, Middle East, the Indian Ocean, Western Pacific, South China Sea, East China Sea, the Black Sea, the Arctic Ocean, etc. The first two decades of the 21st century, in addition to the spectacular economic assertion of some particular Asian countries, have increased the dynamism and complexity of the security environment around the world, largely due to some events that previously occurred in Eurasia: The Georgia war (2008), Russia`s takeover of Crimea (2014), US President Donald Trump`s unsuccessful attempts to ease relations with North Korea, China and Russia, tensions in the Middle East, the contradictory effects of the “greatest geo-economics project of the 21st century” - the New Silk Road), etc. Here, too, the game takes place between the two great present and future powers, the United States and China, and this game depends, or at least is influenced by other Eurasian actors.
